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Global Research Journal of Microbiology Vol.2(1) pp.085 –089 May 2012.
Available online http://www.globalresearchjournals.org/?a=journal&id=grjm
Copyright ©2012 Global Research Journals
Full Length Research.
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OF ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM ANIMAL AND HUMAN CLINICAL SAMPLE.
Iroha Ifeanyichukwu Romanus,1α Okonkwo Eucharia Chinyere1, Nwakaeze Emmanuel Amobi1, Oji Egwu Anthonia1 ,Afiukwa Felicitas Ngozi1 ,Nwuzo Agabus Chidiebube1 and Ayogu Thomas Eze2
1Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Ebonyi State University, P.M.B. 053, Abakaliki Ebonyi State Nigeria.
2Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute Of Management And Technology , P.M.B. 01079 Enugu Nigeria.
1α Corresponding author: Email: iriroha@yahoo.com and ifynero@yahoo.com , Phone no: +2347063302924
Accepted 28th May 2012
Abstract
Antimicrobial usage is considered the most important factor promoting the emergency, selection, and dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms in both veterinary and human medicine. Antibiotics resistance of twenty-eight isolates of E. coli isolated from human clinical samples (urine=18) and intestine of healthy animals (cow=10) were studied. Samples collected from humans and animals were screened and characterized for the presence of E. coli using standard microbiology techniques. Antibiotics resistance patterns of E. coli isolated from human clinical samples and animal samples were determined using a disc diffusion method following the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) protocol against the following antibiotics: ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim, trimethoprim, and tetracycline. The susceptibility pattern of these isolates showed that E. coli from animal intestine were highly susceptible to ciprofloxacin (92%) and amikacin (96%), but was resistant to ampicillin (72%), cefotaxime (79%), ceftazidime (88%), gentamicin (81%), sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim (76%), trimethoprim (80%), tobramycin (93%), ofloxacin (73%) and tetracycline (90%). E. coli from human clinical sample was susceptible to ciprofloxacin (92%), trimethoprim (82%), amikacin (81%) and cefotaxime (90%) respectively while high-level resistance was observed with ampicillin (82%) ceftazidime (91%), gentamicin (86%), sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim (89%), tobramycin (78%), ofloxacin (87%) and tetracycline (93%). Multi-drug resistance was observed in E. coli from both animal and human sources but was higher in frequency and proportion in E. coli isolated from human clinical samples. In conclusion, our findings suggest that resistant strains of E. coli are disseminated in animal population and warrant further investigation of the possibility of animal sources acting as reservoirs of spread.
Keywords: Escherichia coli, antibiotics resistance, clinical sample, cow intestine.